by Rhino Oblas

Ember or Fire in some rituals symbolizes life and strength of the various elements of nature, which has to be acknowledged (Olympic torch of the Igorot). And it is a sign that an occasion is going on.

Fire – as first produced by Kabunyan. Have you seen the movie, “In the Beginning there was Fire”?

Rice Wine is a spirit-inspired drink, its aroma can be inviting to the Spirit when the Mambunong says a prayer.

Rice wine is taken in, sip by sip, which symbolizes friends who kindle and/or rekindle friendship (to excite interest or feelings, to become aroused or excited).

The Ritual – BOGAW!!!

Materials needed: Torch of “palay” – bundled burning rice stalks, chicken (rooster) and a kawil (cup) or bowl of rice wine with its rice contents.

Procedure: An individual or especially, Mambunong, holds the chicken with both hands. He leads the chicken towards a kawil filled with rice wine, and if the rooster picks a fermented rice grain, then the person or Mambunong faces the east, holds the chicken high and shouts:

“HEAR!!!!! Bugan, who lives where the sun rises. Extend your beard on this earth for the spirits of all ICBE celebrants to hang on, in coming to London. Come, be here in London to participate in this 6th ICBE Consultation.

OOOY! Dakayo Amin ay makin-ammos nan ICBE, yan Umali Kayo isnan London. Tan nawada tako abes nan 6th ICBE Consultation, 2011.

Igorots, dakayos san ili ed Belguim, Austria, Switzerland, Ireland, Germany, Netherlands, Sweden, Amelika, Canada ed ili tako ay Pilipinas, yan-shah, Man-asi ayag Kayo.

Ilan yo et  ta, idating yo di gasat, salon-at, talna, urnos, gaget, anos ya laing, ta waday iyat tako ay matago-tago et tan wada di kanan da ay “successful” amin sinan umali ay ICBE Conference. Adi pan-man, no wada abe di pan a-abatan amin ay si-sibiyag ay Igorots sinan Kaluta-an.”

Ay ay Salidumay, Salidumay Diwas...

 

The Cordillera Community in Belgium (Cordi-Bel) congratulates not only the Igorot-UK for hosting the 6th ICBE consultation, but also the participants who surpassed all hindrances and difficulties in order to attend the gathering. The consultation’s very remarkable output shall be credited to all.

Looking back 10 years ago when a gathering of Igorots on the European level was being conceived, it was never expected it will go this far. There was only the persevering wish to get together as Igorots/Cordillerans in Europe. It indeed materialized that touched the deep longing Igorot identity waiting to be rekindled. Now, look what it is. There is the stronger yearning for more ICBE consultations of which the demand is coming from the ranks of the second generation.

While it is true that ICBE consultations may satisfy such longing, it is also important to refer to the starting point where every one of us is encouraged to form our own local groups in the country we are in. In our local groups, we could share or discuss issues or concerns directly affecting us and there we can express our Igorotness without reservation. In the United Kingdom where seemingly there are more Igorots than in other countries of the European continent, the different groupings, according to their town or provincial origin, could be a sort of model for others. A model in the sense, if and only if, it does not end there but goes further to form a sort of confederation to represent the Igorots/Cordillerans as a whole.

In this opportunity, Cordi-Bel conveys its wishes to see more second-generation Igoys in the next ICBE consultation. At the start, there were only children and adolescents. At this time, those who were once children are now adolescents and those adolescents are now young adults or already a family man. Hopefully, the second generation, who had once attended the ICBE consultation, will be able to make it to the next gathering. Certainly, they will be able to discuss more sensible issues or concerns and bring their valuable contribution to ICBE.

Cordillera Community in Belgium

 

 by Dr. Yvonne Belen

“Had I known it will be this hot in London, I should not have brought my thick clothes,” said Florencio Dimog, a participant from Ifugao, Philippines, of the 6^th Igorot Cordillera BIMAAK Europe (ICBE) Conference held from the 22^nd through the 25^th of April 2011 at the Woodford County Hotel in London, United Kingdom. The conference theme was “Living our Igorot Values” and host was Igorot UK headed by their president, Robert Balagtey.

April is usually a rainy month in central Europe. As the saying goes, “April doesn’t know what it wants.” It can be sunny, it can be rainy, it can be cold but rarely is it warm. However, for the three-day duration of the conference, the sun shone.

With an initial number of 42 that registered on April 22, the attendees increased to 60 during the Gotad ad London in the evening of the 23^rd and to a crowd of 200 during the Gala Night on the 24^th. The participants came from Austria, Belgium, Germany, Ireland, The Netherlands, Philippines and the United Kingdom. Many were first-generation Igorots, some second- and a few were third-generation.

Arrival of delegates

The sun was shining when the Ifugao delegation arrived on April 20 from the Philippines. They came not only to attend the conference, but also to showcase Ifugao songs and rituals through their cultural presentation, Gotad ad London. The head of the delegation, Dr. Serafin L. Ngohayon, president of Ifugao State University (IFSU), was also conference’s keynote speaker. Members of the delegation were Carmen Baguilat (Assistant Team Leader), Lydia de Castro (Lead Choreographer/ Director), Mr. Dimog, Alfonso Gumangan, Elpidio Basilio, Jr., Juliet Daniels, Julie Guay, Zenaida Dulnuan and Geronima K. Codamon. Other Philippine delegates were Mrs. Ruth Olat Capegsan, Andrea Baoangan Mangusan, and guest speaker and resource person, Dr. Caridad B. Fiar-od. Most participants from Europe came on Friday, the 22^nd of April.

Earlier, Conchita B. Pooten of the Igorot UK invited those who would arrive early on April 22 from the European continent to have lunch at their residence in Walthamstow. Some participants from Belgium, Ireland and The Netherlands honored Conchita’s invitation. Afterwards, she and Robert became the “taxi drivers,” shuttling participants from her house to the hotel. Chuntug and yours truly were the last to be brought to the hotel. When they arrived at 5:00 p.m., the Philippine delegates were at the hotel lobby talking with attendees from Austria, Belgium and Germany. Meanwhile, the participants signed up with the Registration Committee composed of secretaries of the different Igorot UK groups – from the municipalities of Besao, Sagada and Tadian in the Mountain Province.

After a welcome dinner of vegetable salad, lasagna and fried chicken, the conference began. –

Opening Ceremonies

Ursula Baido, president of the Tadian-UK group, was the Master of Ceremonies. To open the conference in the evening of April 22, Igorot UK prepared a cultural entry. It was a simulated Kayew of the western Mountain Province. After the sound of gongs by selected performers, Rhino Oblas came in with a torch, which he brought all the way from Belgium. A third-generation Igorot from BIBAK Ireland, eight-year old Roisin (Banakan) Laron Quintin followed carrying a bundle of palay. Two third-generation Igorots from Igorot Organization Austria (Igorot Austria) – Azriel Lucas (Olat) Bounggick Cafirma and Diego Auriel (Layugan) Bounggick Cafirma carried jars of rice wine. Others were carrying a tray with cups and a tray with bottles of water.

Indigenous prayers followed. Patrick Bounggick of Igorot Austria; Peter Agnaonao of the Cordillera Community in Belgium (Cordi-Bel); Mr. Balagtey and Allan Pelingen, vice-president of Igorot UK, prayed the Bogao (Kedse, Tidwil.) Mr. Dimog of IFSU prayed in Ifugao (madmad.) The basabas or bogaw was also shouted in Ifugao. To open the programme and Gotad ad London, there was a toast of tapuey (rice wine.)

Mr. Oblas, one of the contact persons of the 5^th ICBE Conference, turned over the host responsibilities to Mr. Balagtey.

Rhino said, “HEAR! Bugan, who lives where the sun rises. Extend your beard on this earth for the spirits of all ICBE celebrants to hang on in coming to London. Come, be here in London to participate in this 6^th ICBE Consultation.”

In his welcome talk, Mr. Pelingen said, “Preservation of our ethnic culture for younger generations to enjoy, observe, practice and eventually preserve is quite an appropriate theme. To attain such a noble cause, however, knowledge of such ethnic culture is a mandatory requisite; more so in this foreign soil where our children and younger generations seem slowly being alienated from our ethnic culture and traditions.”

Rhino returned to the stage to give a “Review of the 5^th ICBE Conference” held in Germany.

Review of the 5th ICBE Consultation

The 5^th ICBE Consultation was held on April 10-13, 2009 in Vallendar, Germany. The theme was, “Igorot Cordillera Rituals: Their Features and Significance.” Dr. Fiar-od delivered the keynote address and Dr. Ngohayon, President of the Ifugao State College of Agriculture and Forestry (now IFSU), gave a special presentation on “The Bulul in the Social Life of the Ifugao People.” It was a new topic for everyone.

Based on the researches on birth, marriage, agricultural cycle and death, the delegates presented skits or dialogues.

The Philippine Ambassador H.E. Delia Domingo-Albert was unable to attend the Gala Night. However, she sent her written speech, “German Scientific-Work in the Cordillera - A Continuing Challenge.”

She emphasized and looked forward to younger generation who could study and become scientists to continue the research work done earlier by German scientists in the Cordillera. Dr. Ngohayon was requested to give a reaction to the ambassador’s message. In his last sentence, he quoted a statesman, “Coming together is good, knowing each other is better, but working together is progress.”

According to Rhino, it was a wonderful time to end the first evening with storytelling and sipping red wine produced along the River Rhine. BIBAK Ireland members and their president, Dave Aragones, contributed the bottles of red wine. Everyone enjoyed and drank to friendship.

Rhino thinks the big event was the sightseeing tour of the Rhine River with the bus and cruise ship reaching the famous Loreley viewpoint.

The 5^th ICBE Conference will be remembered for the publication of the ICBE magazine, Cordillera Rituals as a Way of Life.

Introductions

The first evening’s highlight was the introduction of participants. Some country delegations rendered a song. For some Ifugao delegates, it was their first trip abroad and they related their experience travelling alone.

Igorot Austria was represented by Mr. Bounggick, Cristabel Olat-Bounggick, Marjorie Abeya Soaygan, Bibiana Lee, Azriel, Diego; Cordi-Bel by Susan Kilakil, Mr. Agnaonao, Alice P. Cuyob, Cristobal, Marivonne; BIBAK Ireland by James Leroy Quintin, Ronaliza Laron-Quintin and Roisin L. Quintin; and Igorot UK by Ms. Pooten and Mr. Balagtey[i]. The lone delegate from Germany was Mr. Oblas. And attendees from The Netherlands were Chuntug Taguba and yours truly.

The Philippine participants also introduced themselves – first, Dr. Fiar-od, Ms. Capegsan, and Ms. Mangusan; and later, the delegates from Ifugao.

The evening ended with drinking wine and tapuey.

Sightseeing Tour

At 7:45 in the morning of April 23, the bus was already parked on the hotel premises. Mr. Balagtey was the guide and after seeing to it that all participants were in the bus, he requested the driver to proceed. The driver already knew the itinerary and said it would take around three hours to reach Stonehenge. It was a hot, sunny day when the delegates were in Stonehenge. They stayed for about an hour and proceeded to the city of Bath.

Cecille Cobcobo and Elizabeth Ut-utan met them in the city of Bath. They welcomed them with bottles of water and boxes of “Celebrations,” which contained different kinds of chocolates; helped them get their tickets to the Roman Baths so they didn’t have to queue. By the time some of them finished the Roman Baths tour, it was already 3:00 o’clock in the afternoon. They had only an hour for the Royal Crescent of Bath. They walked for around 20 minutes, posed for some pictures and returned to the bus that was already parked. The driver was in a hurry to leave since they had to be at the hotel at around 6:00 o’clock in the evening. After dinner, the participants just had enough time to change for the Gotad ad London.

Gotad ad London

The programme began with a prayer by Brother Jimmynor Gumangan after which Ms. Quintin led the Pambasang Awit (Philippine National Anthem.)

Ms. de Castro taught the Cordillera Hymn and encouraged every one to join.

There were two welcome songs, one sang by the Ifugao delegation and another by the Ifugao Organization UK. Mr. Balagtey gave the opening remarks. The participants sang hymns of their respective province. The Ifugao delegation sang the Ifugao Hymn from memory; so did the Benguet participants. Some from the Mountain Province sang the Mountain Province Hymn. However, only Ms. Fiar-od and a few from the Mountain Province knew the hymn by heart. As for hymns of the other provinces, nobody sang it because either the delegates didn't know the lyrics and melody or, there was no representative from the province.

Keynote Address

The highlights in keynote speaker’s introduction are: Dr. Ngohayon considers himself a true-blooded Igorot/Ifugao of Ifugao parents; reared and grew up in Alfonso Lista, Ifugao. He believes that “education can indeed liberate men and women from the shackles of ignorance and poverty.” As a working student from high school through college, he pursued his education with excellence. At 35 years old, he was elected president of the Ifugao State College of Agriculture and Forestry (ISCAF) in 2003. And in 2009, he led the transformation of ISCAF into the Ifugao State University.

In his keynote address, “Living the Igorot Values,” Dr. Ngohayon said,

“To start with, let me raise two questions that may be lingering in the minds of some of the Cordillerans specially my fellow Ifugaos.

Who are the Igorots? Can Ifugaos and Kalingas be regarded as such?

The American Heritage Dictionary defines Igorot as a member of any of several peoples of the mountains of northern Luzon in the Philippines. The word is originally Igolot: i - means from and golot - means mountain range.

Other sources point out that during the time of the Spaniards, the word Igolot was anglicized to Ygorrottes.

I would like to affirm that the word Igorot is so unique and its meaning is simply wonderful. I cannot see any reason why I, as an Ifugao, would deny that I’m an Igorot, someone who hails from the mountain ranges of the Cordillera.

This conference definitely provides a venue to reaffirm our identity as a people.”

 

Dr. Ngohayon used the acronym, IGOROT, to expound on Igorot values.

·       I for Ingenuity. “The rice terraces not only in Ifugao, but also in the whole of Cordillera are testimonies to the ingenuity or resourcefulness of the Igorots.”

·       G for Goodness. “One Igorot value that is note-worthy is having high regard to common good!”

·       O for Open-mindedness. “We, Igorots, never close our minds to new ideas, possibilities and to what we can achieve.”

·       R for Resilience. “We, Igorots are known to be tough in facing the hardships of life. I am a living testimony to that reality. I grew up witnessing how our parents worked hard just to send us to school.”

·       O for Originality. “Our culture is original. We did not copy it. It is our God-given identity. It is a gift.”

·       T for Truthfulness. “We never deny realities of life. We embrace them with humility.”

After the keynote address, the Ifugao delegation presented the much-awaited Gotad ad London. In 45 minutes, they showcased the dances and rituals of Ifugao.

Ifugao delegation during the Gotad ad London[ii]

Members of the 10-person Ifugao delegation led by Dr. Ngohayon enter the conference hall one at a time.

The ladies – Ms. de Castro, Ms. Baguilat, Ms. Daniels, Ms. Guay, Ms. Dulnuan and Ms. Codamon – wear an ampuyo, which is a black wrap-around skirt with prominent horizontal stripes of red and white. Their blouse called lamma is a white woven cloth, with red and black thread sewn in front at its length from the collar bone until below the navel. These same-colored threads are sewn at collar borders and around the blouse's semi-short sleeves. To keep the ampuyo in place, they wear a black belt – designed with two pompons of red, yellow and white yarns – around their waist. For their accessory, they wear hingat or earrings and two attake, one as a necklace and the other as a head band. Ms. Daniels, acting as a bridegroom, wears a dungdung or head wear, which is a bronze statuette mounted on the head, and a duko or ceremonial bag tucked within the left fingers.

The men – Dr. Ngohayon, Mr. Dimog, Mr. Gumangan and Mr. Basilio Jr, wear a g-string of black with red horizontal stripes. It is a quarter of a meter wide and two to three meters long. With its length, the g-string could be wound around their waist twice and hang down to cover almost three quarters of their legs. On top, they wear the bayya-ung, a woven cloth also of black and red horizontal stripes, which is half a meter wide and about three meters long. It is placed diagonally across the chest over the shoulder to the back. Dr. Ngohayon, Mr. Dimog and Mr. Gumangan wear a pongot around their head. It is about two to three inches wide with stripes of black, red and yellow and with tassels of red and yellow that adorn the upper edge. When worn by men as a headwear, it’s a sign of dignity.

The youngest participant, Mr. Basilio Jr, acting as bride, wears the kango or headgear made out of hornbill, the ginuttu or porcelain belt and the pinuha or betel nut bag.

For many attendees, it was their first time to see the Ifugao costume with all the accessories. The bride’s headgear caught the eye of many in the audience.

At the end of their presentation, Dr. Ngohayon invited the audience to participate in the Ifugao dance. They could have danced all night. However, the hotel personnel started cleaning and fixing the hall at around 11.30 at night.

Showing Ethnicity

The day was still sunny on Sunday, April 24. Mr. Quintin was the moderator for the morning session. He and Mr. Oblas sang a Bacdiw. Later,Roisin L. Quintin gave an Irish Blessing.

Ms. Quintin introduced the Guest Speaker, Dr. Fiar-od, Chair, Igorot Global Organization (IGO) Scholarship Program and Staff: Provincial Governor’s Office, Bontoc, Mountain Province, Philippines.

Rona said, “The resource speaker is a retired College Professor at the Mountain Province State Polytechnic College and has been an advocate of the Igorot culture as evidenced by her active participation in the Lang-ay in Bontoc, Lang-ay in Toronto and in other Igorot festivals around the world. Most of her researches and book publications also deals with culture. After retirement, she was hired from October 2008 to June 30, 2010 on job order by the former Governor Maximo B. Dalog (now Congressman) as Executive Assistant on Cultural and International Affairs. Then on March 2011, she was hired by Governor Leonard G. Mayaen as Executive Assistant to coordinate and facilitate external affairs (Medical Missions, scholarships, donations overseas, etc.) and research-related activities. She is Chairperson of the IGO Scholarship Program and Chairperson of the Association of Retired Mentors of Bontoc. Our speaker is a mother of eight children and six children-in-law, a grandmother of two boys and seven girls. She was born in Besao, Mountain Province and her late husband is from Barlig.”

Dr. Fiar-od had a power point presentation on “Showing Ethnicity.”

The main points of her talk were:

• Prayers showing ethnicity – Igorots pray every time before they do something;
• Use of traditional and modern g-string in terms of color and design.
• How to use the g-string (with a knot at the back). Ceremonial g-string of the Gaddangs, heavily beaded symbolizes wealth. Men's wear: head gears are symbolic of authority; tanggil arm band is believed to give spiritual strength; buaya is for the ritualist, and so on.
• Head gears, tapis (colors and value.) The Ambusao from the Kalinga tribe is the most expensive.
• Carnelian bead necklaces – can only be found now in museums.
• Before, the complete attire of men can only be used for doing rituals but now we can use it on stage. Spirituality is being lost.
• Before, the tapis is used for working that’s why it’s knee-high.
• Tattoes reflect ethnicity and is a status symbol.
• Every thing now tends to be mixed because of "Acculturation." Attires are a mixture of the different costumes of the Cordillera.

After her presentation, Dr. Ngohayon stood and said that it was (1) enlightening, (2) enriching as it dealt with existing knowledge of our culture and (3) titillating because it titillates us to action.

Afternoon Workshops

In the afternoon, there were workshop group discussions on topics of interest.

Geoff Nettleton, an anthropologist and coordinator of the Philippine Indigenous Peoples Links (PIPLinks) based in London, United Kingdom, facilitated the “Cordillera Updates;” Dr. Ngohayon moderated the subject of “Ifugao Hut” and yours truly facilitated the “Planning for the 7^th ICBE Consultation in 2013.”

The topics discussed during the workshop on “Cordillera Updates” were:

• Foreign companies exploiting the wealth of the Cordillera.
• Indigenous peoples’ (IP) rights.
• Philippines: National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP).
• Free, prior and informed consent.
• The United Nations as implementor of IP rights.

·       Ancestral domain.

On “Planning for the 7^th ICBE Consultation,” the group proposed the conference will be held on 9-12 May 2013 in Barcelona, Spain. The theme agreed upon was “Appreciating the Similarities and Differences of the Cordillera Ethnic Groups.” They suggested that Dr. Ngohayon will be the keynote speaker. It was decided that ICBE will request BIBAK Barcelona to host the conference. As of this writing, BIBAK Barcelona accepted to host the 7^th ICBE Consultation.

Other participants, especially the second- and third-generation, joined the cultural workshops on “Dances, Chants, and Costumes,” which the Ifugao delegation facilitated.

After the workshop group discussions, Ms. Kilakil moderated the Plenary Session for the workshop reports. The result of the cultural workshop was going to be shown during the Gala Night.

Towards the end of the afternoon, Ms. Bounggick gave the Igorot Global Organization (IGO) updates. She spoke on the 9^th Igorot International Consultation that will be held on April 12-14, 2012 in Baguio City.

Gala Night

The Masters of Ceremonies were Ms. Bounggick and Rolly Carpio (Benguet Organization UK)

The night opened with an Igorot Ritual. Prayers were said by Dr. Fiar-od, Mr. Oblas, Mr. Dimog, and The Rev. Ben Ngayaan of Kalinga, Philippines.

Mr. Balagtey delivered the welcome talk while Lydia de Castro led in the singing of the Cordillera Hymn.

The ICBE participants had a Grand Entrance led by the youth: Cristobal, Marivonne, Azriel, Diego, Roisin, Chuntug and Ashleen.

The adults followed – Mr. Bounggick, Ms. Bounggick, Ms. Soaygan, Ms. Lee, Ms. Kilakil, Mr. Agnaonao, Ms. Cuyob, Mr. Oblas, Mr. Quintin, Ms. Quintin, Ms. Pooten and yours truly.

Ms. Bounggick led the ICBE delegates in singing “Ay ay Alilay Alilay.” The first stanza is:

Timpuyog 'ti Europa

ICBE nagan na

Ay ay alilay, alilay.

Ni Yvonne idaulona,

Urnos, Ragsak ken Kapya,

Ay ay.

For the cultural workshop output, Chuntug and Cristobal danced the Ifugao dance.

For the introduction of the guest speaker, Dr. Fiar-od said, “Dr. Serafin Ngohayon, the keynote speaker was introduced as an epitome of academic achievement and who claimed that he credits being who he is now to the Igorot values he learned from his parents and lived up with it. The Igorot values of humility, competence, dedication and commitment and many more is noticeable in him. His achievement is paramount. His technical, human and conceptual skills turned the once struggling Ifugao State College of Agriculture and Forestry into Ifugao State University ahead than all other state colleges in the Cordillera. At present, he was elected as President of the Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities of the Philippines (AACCUP). With his local and global network, he is an achiever, and is in demand as a speaker of substance and as accreditor of institutions internationally. By the time he left London, he was to take-off for Indonesia then to Macedonia as an accreditor in one of the universities.”

For the second time and to another audience, Dr. Serafin L. Ngohayon delivered his keynote address “Living Our Igorot Values." Afterwards, he led the Ifugao delegates in the Ifugao dance and invited the audience to participate.

Members of Igorot Austria together with Roisin and Ashleen sang “Edelweiss.”

Different groups performed and the participants saw a sea of colors with the ladies’ blouses in red, yellow and black. Their performances were: Tebyag by the Besao Group-UK, Songs by Bauko Group-UK, Sakuting by the Sagada Group-UK. After an intermission by Azriel and Diego, the Tadian group-UK presented an environment-related theatrical performance. The Kalinga and Apayao Group-UK followed with their performances of the Banga Dance and Segseg Dance while Jojo Bumaa recited the ICBE Daniw. The performances ended with the Benguet Organization-UK presenting the Bendian Dance.

Ms. Pooten delivered a message. Some highlights of her talk were: “Convinced that rituals are the Igorots way of life, I am fortunate that I had my late father who had imbibed in me what it all meant to be ritualistic. It all meant sharing and getting the blessings continually. My father is right. The blessings come abundantly and I can always give a living testimony but that is better seen than said. What I am proud of is that I raised my children within the bounds of Igorot culture in the UK, they met their husbands and were wedded in the western style in 5-star hotels and had it in Igorot wedding celebration in the Philippines, they have their young children (my grandchildren) and they having their own jobs and business. That is the prize for having exposed them to the Igorot culture. These are blessings in my life being a living proponent of the Igorot culture.”

Ms. Soaygan, vice-president of Igorot Austria, said the closing prayer while Mr. Balagtey gave the acknowledgments.

The evening ended with the community in a circle, holding hands and singing, “The More We Get Together” and “Auld Lang Syne.”

Finally, the Ifugao delegation led the Ifugao Dance and invited the audience to participate. The Mountain Province delegation also performed the Ballangbang and also invited the audience.

Closing Session

On Monday, April 25, the participants joined in a Thanksgiving Mass with the “Free Believers” at the St. Stephen’s Church in Walthamstow with Cyril Salvador and Marilyn Bastawang Domingo officiating. Afterwards, yours truly (on behalf of ICBE) turned over monies to launch the ICBE Scholarship Programme at the IFSU. The monies were given to Dr. Ngohayon and IFSU Financial Officer, Ms. Daniels.

After the mass, Ms. Pooten invited members of Igorot UK and ICBE Conference participants for lunch at her residence. Afterwards – with everyone outside the house of Ms. Pooten – the participants from Austria, Belgium, Germany and The Netherlands gave their assessment of the conference. All of them thanked Mr. Balagtey, Ms. Pooten, Ingerith Pooten-Masferre, and members of Igorot UK. On behalf of the Ifugao delegation, Ms. Codamon expressed her gratitude.

In Dr. Ngohayon’s final statement, he said that attending the ICBE Conference transforms the participants and connects them to where they are; it makes them more confident. He also said the participants see that differences are common however, this is a matter of perspective. If the attendees focus on the negative, they see more of it. After expressing his gratitude, he ended by saying, “We (referring to the Ifugao delegation) thought we came to inspire but we were inspired.”

The sun was still shining when the participants bade goodbye to each other. They look forward to seeing each other again in May 2013 in sunny, sunny Spain.

 

*********************

Postscript

Igorot-UK came up with the idea of publishing pictorial Proceedings. It is a coffee-table magazine entitled “Igorot Value Systems and Cultural Protocols” by Dr. Caridad B. Fiar-od. Conchita B. Pooten reviewed the contents and yours truly edited it.

 

Speeches delivered during the consultation, impressions on the conference and other materials will be posted in the ICBE website: www.icbe.eu.

 

 

********************

Notes:

*

 

 

**

 

 

 Keynote Speech to the 6^th ICBE Conference, April 22-25, 2011

Living our Igorot Values*

Serafin L. Ngohayon, Ph.D.

President,

Ifugao State University,

Lamut, Ifugao, Philippines

I. Salutation and Greetings.

...friends, ladies and gentlemen, good day

II. Expression of elation and gratitude for the invitation. 

I feel humbled to be tapped as your Guest of Honour and Speaker. From the bottom of my heart, I would like to express my deep gratitude to the Igorot Cordillera BIMAAK Europe for the trust and overwhelming love you’ve granted me.

III. The question of who are Igorots?

To start with, let me raise two questions that may be lingering in the minds of some of the Cordillerans specially my fellow Ifugaos.

Who are the Igorots? Can Ifugaos and Kalingas be regarded as such?

The American Heritage Dictionary defines Igorot as a member of any of several peoples of the mountains of northern Luzon in the Philippines. The word is originally Igolot: i - means from and golot - means mountain range.

Other sources point out that during the time of the Spaniards, the word Igolot was anglicized to Ygorrottes.

I would like to affirm that the word Igorot is so unique and its meaning is simply wonderful. I cannot see any reason why I, as an Ifugao, would deny that I’m an Igorot, someone who hails from the mountain ranges of the Cordillera.

This conference definitely provides a venue to reaffirm our identity as a people. Congratulations to the organizers. I commend your tremendous efforts.

The theme of the conference “Living our Igorot Values” is definitely important this time when the young Igorots, our children, are embracing the world of hi-technology. Hi-technology can either build or break them. There is a need to remind them and even ourselves of our Igorot values so that we would always find good direction in our lives.

Our Igorot values helped us achieve development milestones in our Igorot land. These values were imbedded in our culture and again, let me stress that this conference provides us the opportunity to go back to these values as some may have forgotten them.

I came up with an acronym which I hope would help everyone bear in mind the Igorot values. The acronym is IGOROT.

I – stands for Ingenuity

G – stands for Goodness

O – stands for Open-mindedness

R – stands for Resilience

O – stands for Originality

T – stands for Truthfulness

                             

On Ingenuity

The rice terraces not only in Ifugao, but also in the whole of Cordillera are testimonies to the ingenuity or resourcefulness of the Igorots. At the time when modern equipment was not available, our forefathers were able to carve the mountain slopes with their bare hands and crude tools for their rice farming. They tamed our land for survival. Engineers and scientists attest that what makes it a marvel is the interplay of the watershed, the rice terraces, the people and their culture.

Aside from the rice terraces, when commercialized food preservatives were not introduced, Igorots developed natural methods in food preservation. We have the Etag, Inahinan, and smoked meat. Another natural method is when we dry variety of beans like the white beans, red beans, mongo, etc. I used to pack them when I travel to school in college since I could store and consume them for a longer time.

Also, Igorots constructed traditional houses that have unique architectural designs. Traditional houses may vary but one thing in common is their adaptability to the environment.

Nowadays, Igorots remain and continue to be ingenuous. These are manifested in various developments that are now observable in the Igorot land.

I have known of Igorots who became millionaires through vegetable gardening, wood carving, fishery, piggery, poultry, and lots more. This is in no regard of the level of education one has ever attained. They made use of their ingenuity to be progressive. One may wonder that even in remote areas of the Cordillera, mansion-like houses are constructed. Ingenuity made Manang Fely, Manang Conching and all of you here surmount huge and varied challenges here! With your Ingenuity, just like the Igorot we have seen in the video, YOU WILL DEFINITELY MOVE ON AND SUCCEED!

On Goodness

One Igorot value that is note-worthy is having high regard to common good! Despite our individual weaknesses, we all react and are always ready to offer a helping hand to a brother/ sister in need. It is this innate goodness that forced you to help a fellow Igorot in need, in distress. I urge you to continue nurturing that innate goodness. Life here maybe hard but it is definitely harder back home. Therefore, you expect that there will be more people, who like you, will do their best to come here, even with uncertain future. Help them as even if they will not come back to thank, just delight with the idea that you have helped a soul find its way to a better life. And they will transform a lot of lives back home too.

We salute you for what made you different from us, who are left back home, is that you have the courage to try your luck and find your destiny here in London.

On Open-mindedness

We, Igorots, never close our minds to new ideas, possibilities, and to what we can achieve.  We have progressive minds. We ride on with the mainstream society without denying our identity. Disregarding the misjudgement that Igorots are barbaric, uneducated, indigents, etc., we have Igorots who proved that they can excel in the entertainment industry. Broadway singer Ingrid M. Payaket, grand finalist in the prestigious reality show Pilipinas Got Talent of ABS-CBN, announced on television that she is proud to be an Igorot. The late Marky Cielo who won the talent search Starstruck of GMA-7 never denied on television that he is an Igorot. His fellow contestant even earlier commented, “Hindi siya mananalo dahil Igorot siya” (He will not win because he is an Igorot.) Eric Salvador who previously won Mr. Philippines – World also publicly announced that he is an Igorot.

We have Igorots who opened their minds to the reality that we can top the board exams. To mention some, in 2007, Renelyn Cabbigat ranked no. 2 in the midwifery exams.  In year 2006, Kriston Kimbunga topped the Licensure Examination for Criminologists. In 1976, Sonia Aplosen Dao-as topped the board exam for education. In 2004, Pinky Deligen Egan topped the Licensure Examination for Radiolgists. We have lots more and we are proud of them.

On Resilience

We, Igorots are known to be tough in facing the hardships of life. I am a living testimony to that reality. I grew up witnessing how our parents worked hard just to send us to school. On our end, we have to hike too distant pathways just to reach the school. With that, I’m proud to say that what I am today is a result of my being resilient as an Igorot.

I also personally believe that the mountains that surround every community back home can motivate every Igorot to soar to greater heights. The mountains teach us to persevere. They teach us to have strong character, to become tall in thought even if we are short in size.

Journeying back, I believe that some of us experienced fetching water in the spring, carrying palay from the granary, pounding rice, splitting the wood for fire-wood, hiking narrow and distant path ways from home to school, etc. We may have thought of these experiences as hardships of life but they taught us to be independent, to be strong, and in general, to be resilient, something we could hardly teach to our children. Certainly, our resilience destined us to where we are now. WE ARE JUST FEARFUL THAT THE RESILIENCE WE LEARNED FROM HARD LIFE IS WHAT OUR YOUNG IGOROTS OF TODAY LACK! Gone were the days of hiking, eating camote and making do with a little allowance in school. You young people are enjoying better life and privileges than we have. We are sharing these to you for you to know and understand that from our sacrifices come your comforts of today, so learn to value and treasure them. When you have the opportunity to come back, nurture an open mind and learn as much as you can.

On Originality

Our culture is original. We did not copy it. It is our God-given identity. It is a gift.

Indeed, the uniqueness of our traditional chants such as the salidummay, uggayam, hudhud, ergwad, and the uniqueness of our traditional dances continue to draw the attention of not only our co-Filipinos in the lowlands but even the international community. Why? It is because they tell our stories, our way of life. They are mediums of expressions. They blend with nature, with the scenic landscape of the Cordilleras.

It is for these reasons that we, Igorots, are proud of what we have. We never admit that our culture is inferior to any other culture. I’m one with those who believe that there is no such thing as an inferior or a superior culture.  

On Truthfulness

We never deny realities of life. We embrace them with humility.

We recognize the fact that the mountains serve as our strength and our place of refuge.

Some of us may find the mountains as barriers to the delight of modern life, however, I believe that everything exists for a reason. Even Celia O. Ortega of Lacub, Abra pointed out in her book entitled, “Climbing the Mountain of Hope” that “the mountain represents the conditions, events, and situations that block our dream of a better future and life: poverty, ignorance, fear, problem, sadness, sickness, pain, indifference, apathy, and even death. As much as possible we try to avoid these difficulties. We have no intention of seeking out these tough choices and challenges. We do not want to climb these mountains.” However, Celia continued that when we appreciate these challenges and their value in our lives, we reach a certain level of contentment and freedom. Celia further stated that when we can see beyond our present difficulties and realize that these challenges will allow us to grow and make us stronger persons, we open our eyes to a new vision and our minds with new insights and deep optimism.

Our forefathers did not live in pretentions. They simply lived with what life could offer. That made them wise. May the value of truthfulness remain in our hearts as Igorots.

In closing, I do know that in realizing our vision, mission, goals and objectives, the task is huge and it rests on our shoulders. We need these values in pursuing them. I appeal to every Igorot to have these values in heart. Always remember the acronym IGOROT.

 I – stands for Ingenuity

G – stands for Goodness

O – stands for Open-mindedness

R – stands for Resilience

O – stands for Originality

T – stands for Truthfulness

Let this be a day also to show that we IFUGAOS, at least we in IFSU, have gladly accepted the fact that we IFUGAOs are also IGOROTS and we are proud to be with our brothers and sisters in the Cordillera, to live and enjoy life with you all. From today, let us make it our resolve to be brothers/ sisters, guardians and supportive of each other. Let us start doing that by embracing each others’ unique culture, dances and way of life. Thus, I would like you to express your appreciation of my talk, if you do, by dancing with my group the Ifugao dance as your way of embracing and accepting us. We promise to reciprocate that by dancing with you your dances, and chanting with you your chants. So come on, play the GONG, my group leads and we all join and enjoy.

Finally, amidst the challenges facing our race in our effort to move forward to a brighter future, let us learn to be strong in unity as the ANTS. (Show video of ants…)

Allow me to reiterate my pitch and earnest request for all of you to help your unfortunate brothers/ sisters back home by being instruments to their education. You are all testaments to the fact that what bridges poverty from prosperity is GOOD EDUCATION! Share whatever penny you have and it will have a long way for the education of your fellow IGOROTS back home. We are always waiting for you to contact us. We will connect you to your scholars and we promise that they will be in constant communication with you.

Thank you very much!

 

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*Acknowledgment is hereby given to my staff, Mr. Jeremy Gawongna, for his invaluable assistance in the preparation of this piece.